臥式靜電除塵器是眾多除塵器當中的一種,臥式靜電除塵器是以靜電凈化法來收捕廢氣中的粉塵的設備,其主要是讓含塵氣體進人氣刺叭時,含塵氣體受到氣流分布板以及折流板的調整后,使氣流能較均勻地進人電場。
臥(wo)式靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器是以靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)凈化(hua)法來(lai)收捕(bu)廢氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)塵(chen),它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)凈化(hua)工作上要是依靠電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)沉淀兩個系(xi)(xi)統來(lai)完成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),當含(han)塵(chen)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)進(jin)(jin)人(ren)(ren)氣(qi)刺叭時,含(han)塵(chen)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)受到氣(qi)流分布板(ban)以及(ji)折流板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調整后,使(shi)(shi)氣(qi)流能較(jiao)均勻地(di)進(jin)(jin)人(ren)(ren)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)。在橫斷面擴大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用下,氣(qi)流速(su)度迅(xun)速(su)降(jiang)低,其中(zhong)有(you)些(xie)(xie)較(jiao)重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)粒(li)(li)便失去(qu)速(su)度而沉降(jiang)下來(lai)。進(jin)(jin)人(ren)(ren)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)塵(chen)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)通人(ren)(ren)高壓直流電(dian)(dian),則在電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)附近(jin)產生電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)現(xian)象(xiang),使(shi)(shi)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)離,電(dian)(dian)離后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)存在大量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)和(he)離子(zi),這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)和(he)離子(zi)與進(jin)(jin)人(ren)(ren)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)結合起(qi)來(lai),使(shi)(shi)塵(chen)粒(li)(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian),帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)塵(chen)粒(li)(li)在電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用下趨向本(ben)設(she)備陽極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(正極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、本(ben)設(she)備采用負(fu)高壓制)和(he)陰(yin)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)) , 釋(shi)放出(chu)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)分別沉積在相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)上,通過(guo)設(she)備陰(yin)陽極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)振(zhen)(zhen)打系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)振(zhen)(zhen)打,使(shi)(shi)沉積在陰(yin)陽電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)振(zhen)(zhen)落(luo),進(jin)(jin)人(ren)(ren)集(ji)灰(hui)(hui)斗 通過(guo)排灰(hui)(hui)裝置(zhi)放出(chu),回收有(you)物料,被)凈化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)排入大氣(qi)。
工作原理(li)
靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器的(de)(de)工作(zuo)原(yuan)理是(shi)利(li)用高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)煙(yan)氣發生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離,氣流(liu)(liu)中的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場作(zuo)用下與氣流(liu)(liu)分離。負極(ji)(ji)(ji)由(you)不同斷(duan)面形狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)金屬(shu)導(dao)線制(zhi)成(cheng),叫放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)。正極(ji)(ji)(ji)由(you)不同幾何形狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)金屬(shu)板制(zhi)成(cheng),叫集塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)。靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器的(de)(de)性能受粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)性質(zhi)、設備構造(zao)和(he)(he)煙(yan)氣流(liu)(liu)速(su)等三個因(yin)素的(de)(de)影(ying)響。粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻是(shi)評價導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性的(de)(de)指(zhi)標,它對除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率有(you)直(zhi)接(jie)的(de)(de)影(ying)響。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)低,塵(chen)(chen)粒難以保持在(zai)集塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang),致(zhi)使(shi)其重(zhong)返(fan)氣流(liu)(liu)。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過(guo)高,到達集塵(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不易放出,在(zai)塵(chen)(chen)層之間(jian)形成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會(hui)產生局部擊穿(chuan)和(he)(he)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。這些情況都會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)效率下降。
電除(chu)塵(chen)器的(de)基本原理(li)是(shi)利用電力捕(bu)集(ji)煙氣中(zhong)的(de)粉塵(chen),主要包括以下四個相互有(you)關的(de)物(wu)理(li)過程(cheng): (1) 氣體(ti)的(de)電離。(2) 粉塵(chen)的(de)荷(he)電。(3) 荷(he)電粉塵(chen)向電極移動(dong)。(4) 荷(he)電粉塵(chen)的(de)捕(bu)集(ji)。