臥式靜電除塵器是眾多除塵器當中的一種,臥式靜電除塵器是以靜電凈化法來收捕廢氣中的粉塵的設備,其主要是讓含塵氣體進人氣刺叭時,含塵氣體受到氣流分布板以及折流板的調整后,使氣流能較均勻地進人電場。
臥(wo)式靜電除塵(chen)(chen)器是以(yi)靜電凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)法來收捕廢氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen),它的(de)(de)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)作上要是依靠電暈極(ji)(ji)和沉淀(dian)兩(liang)個系統來完成的(de)(de),當(dang)含塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體進(jin)人(ren)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刺叭時,含塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體受到氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)(liu)分布板以(yi)及折流(liu)(liu)板的(de)(de)調(diao)整后,使氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)(liu)能較均勻(yun)地(di)進(jin)人(ren)電場(chang)。在(zai)橫斷面擴(kuo)大的(de)(de)作用下(xia)(xia),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)(liu)速度(du)迅速降(jiang)低,其中有些較重的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒便失(shi)去速度(du)而沉降(jiang)下(xia)(xia)來。進(jin)人(ren)電場(chang)的(de)(de)含塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體由于電暈極(ji)(ji)通人(ren)高(gao)壓直流(liu)(liu)電,則在(zai)電暈極(ji)(ji)附近產(chan)生(sheng)電暈現象,使氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體電離(li),電離(li)后的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體中存在(zai)大量的(de)(de)電子(zi)(zi)和離(li)子(zi)(zi),這些電子(zi)(zi)和離(li)子(zi)(zi)與(yu)進(jin)人(ren)電場(chang)的(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)結合起來,使塵(chen)(chen)粒帶(dai)電,帶(dai)電塵(chen)(chen)粒在(zai)電場(chang)力的(de)(de)作用下(xia)(xia)趨向本設備陽極(ji)(ji)(正(zheng)極(ji)(ji)、本設備采(cai)用負高(gao)壓制)和陰(yin)(yin)極(ji)(ji)(負極(ji)(ji)) , 釋放出(chu)電子(zi)(zi)分別沉積(ji)(ji)在(zai)相應的(de)(de)電極(ji)(ji)上,通過設備陰(yin)(yin)陽極(ji)(ji)振打系統的(de)(de)振打,使沉積(ji)(ji)在(zai)陰(yin)(yin)陽電極(ji)(ji)上的(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)振落(luo),進(jin)人(ren)集灰(hui)斗 通過排(pai)灰(hui)裝(zhuang)置放出(chu),回收有物(wu)料,被(bei))凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體排(pai)入大氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。
工作原理
靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器的(de)工作原理是利(li)用高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)使煙氣(qi)發(fa)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離,氣(qi)流中的(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)作用下(xia)與氣(qi)流分(fen)離。負極(ji)由(you)不同斷面(mian)形(xing)狀的(de)金(jin)屬導線制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng),叫放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)。正(zheng)極(ji)由(you)不同幾何形(xing)狀的(de)金(jin)屬板制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng),叫集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)。靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器的(de)性能受粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)性質、設備(bei)構(gou)造(zao)和煙氣(qi)流速(su)等(deng)三個因素的(de)影(ying)響。粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻是評價導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性的(de)指標,它對除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)有直接的(de)影(ying)響。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低(di),塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒難以保持(chi)在(zai)集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上,致使其重返氣(qi)流。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高,到達集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)不易放(fang)出,在(zai)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)層之間形(xing)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產(chan)生局部擊穿(chuan)和放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現(xian)象。這些情(qing)況(kuang)都會造(zao)成(cheng)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下(xia)降。
電除塵器的(de)(de)基本(ben)原理是利(li)用電力捕集煙氣中的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵,主要包括以下四個相互有關的(de)(de)物理過程: (1) 氣體的(de)(de)電離。(2) 粉(fen)(fen)塵的(de)(de)荷(he)電。(3) 荷(he)電粉(fen)(fen)塵向電極移動。(4) 荷(he)電粉(fen)(fen)塵的(de)(de)捕集。