臥式靜電除塵器是眾多除塵器當中的一種,臥式靜電除塵器是以靜電凈化法來收捕廢氣中的粉塵的設備,其主要是讓含塵氣體進人氣刺叭時,含塵氣體受到氣流分布板以及折流板的調整后,使氣流能較均勻地進人電場。
臥式靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)是以(yi)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)法(fa)來(lai)收(shou)捕廢(fei)氣(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen),它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)作(zuo)上(shang)要(yao)是依(yi)靠電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)沉(chen)淀兩個系統(tong)來(lai)完(wan)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),當(dang)含塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)進人(ren)(ren)氣(qi)刺叭時,含塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)受到氣(qi)流(liu)分(fen)布(bu)板以(yi)及折流(liu)板的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調整后,使氣(qi)流(liu)能較均勻地進人(ren)(ren)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)。在(zai)橫(heng)斷面擴大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下,氣(qi)流(liu)速度迅(xun)速降低,其中(zhong)有些較重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒便失去速度而沉(chen)降下來(lai)。進人(ren)(ren)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)通人(ren)(ren)高壓直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian),則在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)附近(jin)產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈現象,使氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li),電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)存(cun)在(zai)大(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子和(he)離(li)子,這些電(dian)(dian)(dian)子和(he)離(li)子與進人(ren)(ren)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)結合起(qi)來(lai),使塵(chen)(chen)粒帶電(dian)(dian)(dian),帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)塵(chen)(chen)粒在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下趨向本設備陽(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(正極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、本設備采用負(fu)高壓制)和(he)陰(yin)(yin)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)) , 釋放(fang)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)子分(fen)別沉(chen)積在(zai)相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang),通過設備陰(yin)(yin)陽(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)振打(da)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)振打(da),使沉(chen)積在(zai)陰(yin)(yin)陽(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)振落,進人(ren)(ren)集灰斗 通過排灰裝置放(fang)出,回(hui)收(shou)有物料,被)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)排入大(da)(da)氣(qi)。
工作(zuo)原理
靜電(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)工作原理是利用高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)場(chang)使(shi)煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)發生(sheng)電(dian)離,氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)中的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)在電(dian)場(chang)作用下與(yu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)分(fen)離。負極(ji)(ji)由(you)不(bu)同(tong)斷面形(xing)狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬導(dao)(dao)線制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng),叫放電(dian)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)。正極(ji)(ji)由(you)不(bu)同(tong)幾(ji)何(he)形(xing)狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬板制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng),叫集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)。靜電(dian)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能受粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)質、設備構(gou)造(zao)(zao)和煙氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)速(su)等三個因(yin)素(su)的(de)(de)(de)影響。粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)比電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)是評價導(dao)(dao)電(dian)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)指標,它(ta)對除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率有(you)直接的(de)(de)(de)影響。比電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)過(guo)(guo)低,塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)難(nan)以保持在集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)上,致(zhi)使(shi)其重返氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)。比電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)過(guo)(guo)高(gao),到(dao)達集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)電(dian)荷不(bu)易放出,在塵(chen)(chen)(chen)層之間形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)壓(ya)梯度會產生(sheng)局部擊穿和放電(dian)現象。這些情況都(dou)會造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)除(chu)(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率下降。
電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器的基本(ben)原理是利(li)用電(dian)(dian)力(li)捕集(ji)煙(yan)氣(qi)中的粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen),主要包括以下四個相(xiang)互有關的物理過程(cheng): (1) 氣(qi)體的電(dian)(dian)離(li)。(2) 粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)的荷(he)電(dian)(dian)。(3) 荷(he)電(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)向電(dian)(dian)極移(yi)動(dong)。(4) 荷(he)電(dian)(dian)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)的捕集(ji)。