臥式靜電除塵器是眾多除塵器當中的一種,臥式靜電除塵器是以靜電凈化法來收捕廢氣中的粉塵的設備,其主要是讓含塵氣體進人氣刺叭時,含塵氣體受到氣流分布板以及折流板的調整后,使氣流能較均勻地進人電場。
臥式(shi)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)器是(shi)以靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)凈(jing)化(hua)法(fa)來收(shou)捕廢氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen),它的(de)(de)(de)凈(jing)化(hua)工作(zuo)上要是(shi)依靠電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)極(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)沉淀兩個系統(tong)來完成的(de)(de)(de),當含(han)塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)進(jin)人(ren)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刺叭(ba)時,含(han)塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)受到氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)分布板以及折流(liu)板的(de)(de)(de)調整后(hou),使氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)能較均勻地(di)進(jin)人(ren)電(dian)(dian)場。在(zai)(zai)橫斷面(mian)擴大的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下,氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)速(su)(su)度迅速(su)(su)降低,其中有些(xie)較重的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)便失去(qu)速(su)(su)度而沉降下來。進(jin)人(ren)電(dian)(dian)場的(de)(de)(de)含(han)塵(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)由(you)于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)極(ji)(ji)(ji)通(tong)人(ren)高(gao)壓(ya)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian),則在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)極(ji)(ji)(ji)附近(jin)產生電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)現象(xiang),使氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)電(dian)(dian)離,電(dian)(dian)離后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)中存在(zai)(zai)大量的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)和(he)離子(zi)(zi),這些(xie)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)和(he)離子(zi)(zi)與進(jin)人(ren)電(dian)(dian)場的(de)(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)結合起來,使塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)帶電(dian)(dian),帶電(dian)(dian)塵(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)場力的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下趨向本設備陽極(ji)(ji)(ji)(正極(ji)(ji)(ji)、本設備采用(yong)負高(gao)壓(ya)制)和(he)陰(yin)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(負極(ji)(ji)(ji)) , 釋放出電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)分別(bie)沉積(ji)在(zai)(zai)相應的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)上,通(tong)過設備陰(yin)陽極(ji)(ji)(ji)振(zhen)打系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)振(zhen)打,使沉積(ji)在(zai)(zai)陰(yin)陽電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)上的(de)(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)振(zhen)落(luo),進(jin)人(ren)集灰斗(dou) 通(tong)過排灰裝置放出,回(hui)收(shou)有物(wu)料,被)凈(jing)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)排入大氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。
工作原理
靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器的(de)工作(zuo)原理是利用(yong)高(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)場(chang)使煙氣(qi)發生電(dian)(dian)離(li),氣(qi)流(liu)(liu)中的(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)在電(dian)(dian)場(chang)作(zuo)用(yong)下與氣(qi)流(liu)(liu)分離(li)。負極(ji)由不同斷面形狀(zhuang)的(de)金屬導線制成(cheng),叫放電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)。正(zheng)極(ji)由不同幾何形狀(zhuang)的(de)金屬板制成(cheng),叫集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)。靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器的(de)性能受(shou)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性質、設備構造和煙氣(qi)流(liu)(liu)速等(deng)三個因素的(de)影(ying)響。粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)比(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)是評(ping)價導電(dian)(dian)性的(de)指(zhi)標,它對(dui)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率有直接的(de)影(ying)響。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過低(di),塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒難以保持在集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)上,致使其重返氣(qi)流(liu)(liu)。比(bi)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)過高(gao),到達集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒電(dian)(dian)荷不易(yi)放出(chu),在塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)層之(zhi)間(jian)形成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)壓梯度會產生局部擊(ji)穿和放電(dian)(dian)現(xian)象(xiang)。這(zhe)些情況(kuang)都會造成(cheng)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)率下降。
電(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)器(qi)的(de)基本原理是利(li)用電(dian)力(li)捕集煙氣(qi)中的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen),主要包括以下四個相互有關的(de)物理過程(cheng): (1) 氣(qi)體的(de)電(dian)離。(2) 粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)的(de)荷電(dian)。(3) 荷電(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)向電(dian)極移動。(4) 荷電(dian)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)的(de)捕集。