臥式靜電除塵器是眾多除塵器當中的一種,臥式靜電除塵器是以靜電凈化法來收捕廢氣中的粉塵的設備,其主要是讓含塵氣體進人氣刺叭時,含塵氣體受到氣流分布板以及折流板的調整后,使氣流能較均勻地進人電場。
臥(wo)式靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)器是(shi)以靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)凈化(hua)法(fa)來收捕廢氣中的(de)粉塵(chen),它的(de)凈化(hua)工作(zuo)上要是(shi)依(yi)靠電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)(ji)和(he)沉淀兩個系(xi)統來完成的(de),當含塵(chen)氣體(ti)(ti)進(jin)人(ren)(ren)氣刺(ci)叭時,含塵(chen)氣體(ti)(ti)受到(dao)氣流(liu)分布板以及(ji)折流(liu)板的(de)調整(zheng)后(hou),使(shi)氣流(liu)能較(jiao)均勻地(di)進(jin)人(ren)(ren)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)。在(zai)橫斷面擴(kuo)大的(de)作(zuo)用下,氣流(liu)速度迅速降低(di),其中有些較(jiao)重的(de)塵(chen)粒便失去(qu)速度而沉降下來。進(jin)人(ren)(ren)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)的(de)含塵(chen)氣體(ti)(ti)由于電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)(ji)通人(ren)(ren)高壓(ya)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian),則在(zai)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)極(ji)(ji)附近產生電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)現象,使(shi)氣體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li),電(dian)(dian)離(li)(li)后(hou)的(de)氣體(ti)(ti)中存在(zai)大量的(de)電(dian)(dian)子和(he)離(li)(li)子,這些電(dian)(dian)子和(he)離(li)(li)子與進(jin)人(ren)(ren)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)的(de)粉塵(chen)結合起來,使(shi)塵(chen)粒帶電(dian)(dian),帶電(dian)(dian)塵(chen)粒在(zai)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)力的(de)作(zuo)用下趨向本(ben)設備陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)(正極(ji)(ji)、本(ben)設備采用負高壓(ya)制)和(he)陰(yin)極(ji)(ji)(負極(ji)(ji)) , 釋放(fang)出電(dian)(dian)子分別沉積在(zai)相應的(de)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)上,通過(guo)設備陰(yin)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)(ji)振(zhen)打系(xi)統的(de)振(zhen)打,使(shi)沉積在(zai)陰(yin)陽(yang)(yang)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)上的(de)粉塵(chen)振(zhen)落,進(jin)人(ren)(ren)集灰斗 通過(guo)排灰裝置放(fang)出,回收有物(wu)料,被)凈化(hua)的(de)氣體(ti)(ti)排入(ru)大氣。
工作原理
靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器的(de)(de)(de)工作原理是利用高壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場使(shi)(shi)煙(yan)氣發生電(dian)(dian)(dian)離,氣流中的(de)(de)(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場作用下(xia)與氣流分離。負極(ji)由不(bu)(bu)同(tong)斷面(mian)形(xing)狀的(de)(de)(de)金屬導(dao)(dao)線制(zhi)(zhi)成,叫(jiao)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)。正極(ji)由不(bu)(bu)同(tong)幾何形(xing)狀的(de)(de)(de)金屬板制(zhi)(zhi)成,叫(jiao)集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)。靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器的(de)(de)(de)性能受粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)性質(zhi)、設備構造和煙(yan)氣流速等三個因素的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響。粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻是評價導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)性的(de)(de)(de)指標,它對除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)有直(zhi)接的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過低,塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)難以保持在(zai)(zai)集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上,致使(shi)(shi)其重返氣流。比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻過高,到達集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷不(bu)(bu)易放出,在(zai)(zai)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)層之(zhi)間(jian)形(xing)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)梯度會產(chan)生局(ju)部(bu)擊穿和放電(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。這些(xie)情況都會造成除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率(lv)下(xia)降。
電除塵(chen)器的(de)基本原理是(shi)利用電力捕(bu)集煙氣中(zhong)的(de)粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen),主要包括(kuo)以下(xia)四個相互有關的(de)物理過程: (1) 氣體的(de)電離。(2) 粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)的(de)荷(he)電。(3) 荷(he)電粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)向電極移動。(4) 荷(he)電粉(fen)(fen)塵(chen)的(de)捕(bu)集。