臥式靜電除塵器是眾多除塵器當中的一種,臥式靜電除塵器是以靜電凈化法來收捕廢氣中的粉塵的設備,其主要是讓含塵氣體進人氣刺叭時,含塵氣體受到氣流分布板以及折流板的調整后,使氣流能較均勻地進人電場。
臥式靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器是以靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)化法來收捕廢氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen),它(ta)的(de)(de)凈(jing)化工作(zuo)上(shang)要是依靠電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈極(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)沉淀兩個系統(tong)來完成的(de)(de),當(dang)含(han)(han)(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)體進人氣(qi)(qi)刺叭(ba)時,含(han)(han)(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)體受到氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)分布板以及折(zhe)流(liu)板的(de)(de)調(diao)整后,使氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)能較(jiao)均勻地進人電(dian)(dian)(dian)場。在(zai)(zai)橫斷(duan)面擴大(da)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia),氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)速(su)度(du)迅速(su)降(jiang)低,其(qi)中(zhong)有些較(jiao)重的(de)(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)便失去速(su)度(du)而沉降(jiang)下(xia)來。進人電(dian)(dian)(dian)場的(de)(de)含(han)(han)(han)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)氣(qi)(qi)體由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈極(ji)(ji)(ji)通人高(gao)壓(ya)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian),則在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈極(ji)(ji)(ji)附近(jin)產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈現象,使氣(qi)(qi)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)離,電(dian)(dian)(dian)離后的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)體中(zhong)存在(zai)(zai)大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子和(he)離子,這些電(dian)(dian)(dian)子和(he)離子與進人電(dian)(dian)(dian)場的(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)結合起(qi)來,使塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian),帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)(li)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場力的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)趨向本(ben)設(she)(she)備陽(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(正極(ji)(ji)(ji)、本(ben)設(she)(she)備采用(yong)負高(gao)壓(ya)制)和(he)陰(yin)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(負極(ji)(ji)(ji)) , 釋放出電(dian)(dian)(dian)子分別沉積在(zai)(zai)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang),通過設(she)(she)備陰(yin)陽(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)振打系統(tong)的(de)(de)振打,使沉積在(zai)(zai)陰(yin)陽(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)上(shang)的(de)(de)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)振落,進人集灰斗 通過排灰裝置放出,回收有物料,被)凈(jing)化的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)體排入大(da)氣(qi)(qi)。
工作原理
靜電(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器的(de)工作(zuo)原理是(shi)利用(yong)高壓(ya)電(dian)場使煙氣(qi)發生電(dian)離,氣(qi)流(liu)中(zhong)的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)荷(he)電(dian)在(zai)電(dian)場作(zuo)用(yong)下與氣(qi)流(liu)分離。負極(ji)由不(bu)同斷面形狀的(de)金屬導(dao)線制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng),叫(jiao)放電(dian)電(dian)極(ji)。正極(ji)由不(bu)同幾何(he)形狀的(de)金屬板制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng),叫(jiao)集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)極(ji)。靜電(dian)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)器的(de)性(xing)能受粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)性(xing)質、設備構造和煙氣(qi)流(liu)速等三(san)個因素的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)。粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)比(bi)電(dian)阻(zu)是(shi)評價導(dao)電(dian)性(xing)的(de)指標,它對除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率有(you)直(zhi)接的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)。比(bi)電(dian)阻(zu)過低,塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)難以保持在(zai)集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)極(ji)上,致(zhi)使其重返氣(qi)流(liu)。比(bi)電(dian)阻(zu)過高,到達(da)集塵(chen)(chen)(chen)電(dian)極(ji)的(de)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)粒(li)電(dian)荷(he)不(bu)易放出,在(zai)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)層之間形成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)壓(ya)梯度會產生局部(bu)擊穿(chuan)和放電(dian)現象(xiang)。這些情況都會造成(cheng)(cheng)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)效率下降。
電(dian)除塵器的(de)基本(ben)原(yuan)理(li)是利用電(dian)力捕集煙氣中的(de)粉(fen)塵,主要包括以下(xia)四(si)個相互有(you)關的(de)物理(li)過程: (1) 氣體(ti)的(de)電(dian)離。(2) 粉(fen)塵的(de)荷電(dian)。(3) 荷電(dian)粉(fen)塵向電(dian)極移動(dong)。(4) 荷電(dian)粉(fen)塵的(de)捕集。